THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MODELS IN THE ADDICTION TO DRUGS

Abstract

They have been developed a great number of theories to attempt to explain why the people consume drugs and, why some of those people finish developing abuse problems and/or dependence to these  substances. The accomplished positions oscillate from spiritual and  biological approximations until sociocultural or intrapersonal  interpretations, from partial approaches until more integrative and  complex approaches, going through evolutionary approaches.

In the area of the psychology, the Theory of the Social Learning of  Bandura has been, redefined subsequently by the same author as Cognitive-Social Theory, the most coherent approximation with the reality associated with use of psychoactive substances. In the following article we will check briefly this theory and, the applied intervention model derived from it more used at present and more validated scientifically (Relapse Prevention). Finally, we will describe a dynamical change model, the Transtheoretical Model of Change, understood as a treatment model in the intervention, that permits to integrate and to locate temporarily the interventions and technical derivatives from the previous models.